Экономическая история XX века. Как прогресс, кризисы и гениальные идеи изменили мир - Джеймс Брэдфорд ДеЛонг
15. Brad Setser, Bernanke's Global Savings Glut, Council on Foreign Relations, May 21, 2005, www.cfr.org/blog/bernankes-global-savings-glut.
16. Я считаю лучшим обзором Barry J. Eichengreen, Hall of Mirrors: The Great Depression, the Great Recession, and the Uses – and Misuses – of History, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
17. John Stuart Mill, Essays on Some Unsettled Questions in Political Economy, London: John W. Parker, 1844 [1829].
18. Nick Rowe, Money Stocks and Flows, Worthwhile Canadian Initiative, September 11, 2016, https://worthwhile.typepad.com/worthwhile_canadian_initi/2016/09/money-stocks-and-flows.html.
19. Hyman Minsky, Stabilizing an Unstable Economy, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1986; Charles P. Kindleberger, Manias, Panics, and Crashes: A History of Financial Crises, New York: Basic Books, 1978.
20. J. Bradford DeLong, John Stewart Mill vs. the European Central Bank, Project Syndicate, July 29, 2010, www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/john-stewart-mill-vs – the-european-central-bank; Ricardo J. Caballero, Emmanuel Farhi, and Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas, The Safe Assets Shortage Conundrum, Journal of Economic Perspectives 31, no. 3 (Summer 2017): 29–46, available at American Economic Association, https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.31.3.29.
21. Donald Kohn, Financial Markets and Central Banking, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, November 28, 2007, www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/kohn20071128a.htm.
22. Мой взгляд на развитие Великой рецессии см. J. Bradford DeLong, Battered but not and Beaten, GitHub, October 29, 2010, https://github.com/braddelong/public-files/blob/master/2010-10-29-battered-and-beaten.pdf.
23. Walter Bagehot, Lombard Street: A Description of the Money Market, London: Henry S. King, 1873.
24. Alan Blinder and Mark Zandi, The Financial Crisis: Lessons for the Next One, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, October 15, 2015, www.cbpp.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/10-15-15pf.pdf.
25. Эти аббревиатуры означают the Troubled Asset Relief Program, the Term-Asset Backed Security Loan Facility, the Home Affordable Modification Program, and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
26. Gore vs. Kemp: The 1996 Vice-Presidential Debate, YouTube, posted by PBS NewsHour, September 26, 2020, www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZCcSTz1qLo.
27. Lawrence Summers, The Age of Secular Stagnation, Foreign Affairs, March/April 2016, www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2016-02-15/age-secular-stagnation.
28. См. Olivier J. Blanchard, Public Debt and Low Interest Rates, American Economic Association, January 4, 2019, www.aeaweb.org/webcasts/2019/aea-presidential-address-public-debt-and-low-interest-rates.
29. Barack Obama, Remarks by the President in State of the Union Address, White House, President Barack Obama, January 27, 2010, https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-state-union-address.
30. John Maynard Keynes, How to Avoid a Slump, The Times, January 12–14, 1937, reprinted in John Maynard Keynes, Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, vol. 21, Activities, 1931–1939: World Crises and Policies in Britain and America, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982, 390.
31. Ben Bernanke, The Near– and Longer-Term Prospects for the U.S. Economy, August 26, 2011, archived at Federal Reserve Archival System for Economic Research (FRASER), https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/statements-speeches-ben-s-bernanke-453/near-longer-term-prospects-us-economy-9116; Cf. J. Bradford DeLong, Ben Bernanke's Dream World, Project Syndicate, August 30, 2011, www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/ben-bernanke-s-dream-world.
32. Josh Bivens, The Reinhart and Rogoff Magical 90 Percent Threshold Loses Its Magic? Economic Policy Institute, April 16, 2013, www.epi.org/blog/reinhart-rogoff-magical-90-percent-threshold.
33. Ben Bernanke, Japanese Monetary Policy: A Case of Self-Induced Paralysis? Princeton University, December 1999, 14–15, www.princeton.edu/~pkrugman/bernanke_paralysis.pdf.
34. J. Bradford DeLong, Understanding the Lesser Depression (incomplete draft), Grasping Reality, August 2011, https://delong.typepad.com/delong_long_form/2011/09/understanding-the-lesser-depression-incomplete-draft.html.
35. Adam Tooze, Crashed: How a Decade of Financial Crises Changed the World, New York: Penguin, 2018.
36. Franklin Delano Roosevelt Speeches: Oglethorpe University Address. The New Deal, May 22, 1932, Pepperdine School of Public Policy, https:// publicpolicy.pepperdine.edu/academics/research/faculty-research/new-deal/roosevelt-speeches/fr052232.htm.
37. Geoffrey Ward, A First-Class Temperament: The Emergence of Franklin Roosevelt, 1905–1928, New York: Vintage, 2014, xv; Randy Roberts, FDR in the House of Mirrors, Reviews in American History 18, no. 1 (March 1990): 82–88.
38. Obama, 2010 State of the Union Address.
39. Cliff Asness et al., Open Letter to Ben Bernanke, Wall Street Journal, November 15, 2010, www.wsj.com/articles/BL-REB-12460.
40. Leopold von Ranke, Preface: Histories of the Latin and Germanic Nations from 1494–1514, excerpted in Fritz Stern, The Varieties of History, Cleveland, OH: Meridian Books, 1956, 57; Max Weber, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, ed. and trans. C. Wright Mills and Hans Heinrich Gerth, New York: Oxford University Press, 1946, 95.
Заключение. Мы все еще только ковыляем к утопии?
1. Джон Мейнард Кейнс написал два важных письма Рузвельту в 1930-х годах. В обоих он умолял того быть более кейнсианским: тратить меньше сил на социал-демократические структурные реформы и больше на возвращение к полной занятости. См. John Maynard Keynes, An Open Letter to President Roosevelt, New York Times, December 31, 1933, www.nytimes.com/1933/12/31/archives/from-keynes-to-roosevelt-our-recovery-plan-assayed-the-british.html; John Maynard Keynes to President Franklin Roosevelt, February 1, 1938, facsimile on my website at https://delong.typepad.com/19380201-keynes-to-roosevelt.pdf.
2. Eric Hobsbawm, Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914–1991, London: Michael Joseph, 1984.
3. Hebrews 11:1.
4. John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy, with Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, 1873, 455. По мнению Милля, необразованный рабочий класс не может быть рассудительным, и только после приближения к утопии появятся ресурсы на обучение каждого человека.
5. Transcript of President Franklin Roosevelt's Annual Message (Four Freedoms) to Congress, January 6, 1941, Our Documents, www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=70&page=transcript.
6. Adam Serwer, The Cruelty Is the Point: The Past, Present, and Future of Trump's America, New York: One World Books, 2021.
7. Will Steakin, Trump Dismisses Pandemic, Rips Fauci as 'Disaster' in Campaign All-Staff Call, ABC News, October 19, 2020, https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-dismisses-pandemic-rips-fauci-disaster-campaign-staff/story?id=73697476; Benjamin Din, Trump Lashes Out at Fauci and Birx After CNN Documentary, Politico, March 29, 2021, www.politico.com/news/2021/03/29/trump-fauci-birx-cnn-documentary-478422; 'Fire Fauci' Chant Erupts at Trump Rally as Tensions Simmer, YouTube, posted by “Bloomberg Quicktake: Now,” November 2, 2020, www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWBqeTXKdTQ.
8. See Publius Decius Mus, The Flight 93 Election, Claremont Review of Books, September 5, 2016, https://claremontreviewofbooks.com/digital/the-flight-93-election.
9. John Maynard Keynes, Essays in Biography, London: Macmillan, 1933, reprinted in John Maynard Keynes, Collected Writings, vol. 10, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013, 66–67.
10. Francis Bacon and Tomasso Campanella, New Atlantis and City of the Sun: Two Classic Utopias, New York: Dover, 2018.
11. John Maynard Keynes, The Economic Consequences of the Peace, London: Macmillan, 1919, 9, 12.
12. Aristotle, Politics, trans. Ernest Barker, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009 [350 bce], 14, Bekker sections 1253b–1254a.
Об авторе
Дж. Брэдфорд ДеЛонг – профессор экономики Калифорнийского университета в Беркли. Он родился в 1960 году в Бостоне и живет в Беркли. По данным Google, он наиболее известен,
